Indo-Asian Antibiotic Resistance Scenario - 2009 (by A.J. Tamhankar)

Media News------WHO raises swine flu alert to phase 5 - Pandemic imminent --- ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SWINE-FLU -- Universal flu vaccine edging closer to reality.---India reviews preparations to tackle swine flu.---Hospital-acquired infections on the rise. -----Super-Strong Paint Kills Superbugs. -----Ex-USSR nations, China on brink of a TB epidemic.-----New drugs could counter antibiotic-resistant infections. -----Mobile phones carriers of deadly 'superbug'.

From the Scientific Journals------Human-2009.

-Inducible clindamycin resistance among clinical isolates of Staphylococci will help in guiding therapy- ----A simple broth-disk method to determine the MIC of ceftriaxone on Salmonella enterica serovar typhi ----- Application of 16S rDNA based seminested PCR for diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis.-- -------- mutations and rpsL gene with streptomycin resistance in isolates of M. tuberculosis in India---------

-Minimum inhibitory concentration of carbapenems and tigecycline against Salmonella spp.

-Application of 16S rDNA based seminested PCR for diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis.

-Association of mutations in rpsL gene with high degree of streptomycin resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in India.

-Malaria - Change in therapeutic policy.

-Role of acute viral hepatitis as a confounding factor inantituberculosis treatment induced hepatotoxicity.

-Surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

-Newer strategies for the kala-azar elimination programme in India.

-Antibiotic resistance in acne.

-Structural and functional divergence among seven WhiB proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

-Antibiotic use, environment and antibiotic resistance: A qualitative study in India.

-A Case of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Treated with a Bench to Bedside Approach.

-Acquired drug resistance pattern in tuberculosis cases at the State Tuberculosis Centre, Delhi, India.

-Assessing clonality of Vibrio cholerae strains isolated during four consecutive years (2004 - 2007) in Iran.

-Increasing incidence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mumbai, India.

-Re-emerging chloramphenicol sensitivity and emerging low level ciprofloxacin resistance among Salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolates in North India.

-Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli (EPEC) clinical isolates.

-Antimycobacterial activity of novel N-(substituted)-2-isonicotinoylhydrazinocarbothioamide endowed with high activity towards isoniazid resistant tuberculosis.

-Antimycobacterial activities of novel fluoroquinolones.

-Comparison of cefoxitin disc diffusion test, oxacillin screen agar, and PCR for mecA gene for detection of MRSA.

-Rapid speciation of 15 clinically relevant mycobacteria with simultaneous detection of resistance to rifampin, isoniazid, and streptomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.

-A prospective, descriptive study to identify the microbiological profile of chronic wounds in outpatients.

-Role of embCAB gene mutations in ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from India.
-Increasing isolations of Neisseria meningitides serogroup A from blood and cerebrospinal fluid in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1999-2006.
-Drug resistance and genotypic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from Thai tuberculosis patients.
-Clostridium difficile infections in a Shanghai hospital: antimicrobial resistance, toxin profiles and ribotypes.
-Decreasing prevalence of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Hong Kong, 2001 to 2007.
-TR-700 in vitro activity against and resistance mutation frequencies among Gram-positive pathogens.
-In Vitro Susceptibilities of Aerobic and Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Patients with Intra-Abdominal Infections Worldwide: 2005 Results from Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
-Causative agent distribution and antibiotic therapy assessment among adult patients with community acquired pneumonia in Chinese urban population.
-Neonatal infections in Asia.
-Surveillance for invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae disease among hospitalized children in Bangladesh: antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype distribution.
-Invasive pneumococcal disease in Kanti Children's Hospital, Nepal, as observed by the South Asian Pneumococcal Alliance network.
-The expanding spectrum of disease due to salmonella: an international perspective.
-Antibacterial activity of telithromycin and comparators against pathogens isolated from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections: the Prospective Resistant Organism Tracking and Epidemiology for the Ketolide Telithromycin study year 5 (2003-2004). -Attributable mortality of imipenem-resistant nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection.
-Variation in Salmonella enterica serovar typhi IncHI1 plasmids during the global spread of resistant typhoid fever.
-Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in seven Asian countries.
-Comparative in vitro activity of tigecycline and other antimicrobials against Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms collected from the Asia-Pacific Rim as part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (TEST).
-Detection and genetic characterisation of qnrB in hospital isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Singapore.
-Constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and their association with meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA): experience from a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
-Application of denaturing HPLC to rapidly identify rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in low- and high-prevalence areas.
-Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates from infections in humans in Henan Province, China.
-Antibiotic use in pulmonology wards of Chinese children's hospitals: 2002-2006.
-Staphylococcus aureus disease and drug resistance in resource-limited countries in south and east Asia.
-Genetics and function of the capsules of Burkholderia pseudomallei and their potential as therapeutic targets.
-Resistance of nasopharyngeal pathogens and antimicrobial prescription rates for children in an area under controlled antimicrobial use.
-Minor contribution of mutations at iniA codon 501 and embC-embA intergenic region in ethambutol-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Kuwait.
-Antibiotic resistance in China--a major future challenge.
-Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylases in aminoglycoside-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Shanghai, China.
-Impact of enhanced infection control at 2 neonatal intensive care units in the Philippines.
-Campylobacter jejuni peritonitis and bacteremia in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
-Community-acquired urinary tract infections in Southern Turkey: etiology and antimicrobial resistance.
-How to handle a CA-MRSA outbreak.
-Nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis in healthy school children in Turkey.
-Trends in antimicrobial resistance of fecal Shigella and Salmonella isolates in Tehran, Iran.
-Nosocomial outbreak of infection with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a medical center in Taiwan.
-Daily half-dose linezolid for the treatment of intractable multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
-Characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates from infants and toddlers in Wuhan, China.
-Emergence and widespread dissemination of OXA-23, -24/40 and -58 carbapenemases among Acinetobacter spp. in Asia-Pacific nations: report from the SENTRY Surveillance Program.
-Results of use of WHO Global Salm-Surv external quality assurance system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella isolates from 2000 to 2007.
-Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance Study, 1997 to 2007: 10.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of noncandidal yeast species to fluconazole and voriconazole determined by CLSI standardized disk diffusion testing.
-Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar typhi from Kuwait with novel mutations in gyrA and parC genes.
-Increasing drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a medical center---what about in Taiwan overall?
-Comparison of three different PCR-based methods to predict the penicillin nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from China.
-The therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine against Plasmodium falciparum in Yemen.
-Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections.
-Multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria in clinical isolates from Karachi.
-In-depth molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from New Delhi--predominance of drug resistant isolates of the 'modern' (TbD1) type.
-Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in a tropical setting: patient outcome and impact of antibiotic resistance.
-Empirical treatment for pediatric urinary tract infection and resistance patterns of uropathogens, in Queen Alia hospital and prince A'Isha military center--Jordan.
-Is standardized treatment appropriate for non-XDR multiple drug resistant tuberculosis cases? A clinical descriptive study.
-Multidrug resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli diarrhoea in rural southern Indian population.
-M. tuberculosis Central Asian Strain 1 MDR isolates have more mutations in rpoB and katG genes compared with other genotypes.
-Predominance of CTX-M-15 extended spectrum beta-lactamases in diverse Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from hospital and community patients in Kuwait.
-Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in the Arabian Peninsula and Egypt.
-Diversity of carbapenem resistance mechanisms in Acinetobacter baumannii from a Taiwan hospital: spread of plasmid-borne OXA-72 carbapenemase.
-Ertapenem resistance among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.
-The epidemiology of gonorrhoea in Norway, 1993-2007: past victories, future challenges.
-Surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
-Prevalence and characteristics of aac(6')-Ib-cr in AmpC-producing Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, and Serratia marcescens: a multicenter study from Korea.
-Epidemiology and susceptibilities of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taiwan: emphasis on chlorhexidine susceptibility.
-Nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria in Intensive Care Units in Taiwan: SMART programme data 2005.
-In vitro activity of tigecycline against colistin-resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates from Korea.
-Characterisation of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes among meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from two hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
-Susceptibility of Candida albicans to common and novel antifungal drugs, and relationship between the mating type locus and resistance, in Lebanese hospital isolates.
-Epidemiologic characterization of nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii infections in a Turkish university hospital by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
-Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants over a 9-year period.
-First report on a hyperepidemic clone of KPC-3-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Israel genetically related to a strain causing outbreaks in the United States.
-Prevalence of primary fluoroquinolone resistance among clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori at a University Hospital in Southern Taiwan.
-Dual-priming oligonucleotide-based multiplex PCR for the detection of Helicobacter pylori and determination of clarithromycin resistance with gastric biopsy specimens.
-Emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains as a cause of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in Korea.
-Recovery of both vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from culture of a single clinical specimen from colonized or infected patients.
-Validation of the line-probe assay for rapid detection of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Vietnam.
-Rapid emergence of third generation cephalosporin resistant Shigella spp. in Southern Vietnam.

Non-Human and General-2009.

-Surface water of a perennial river exhibits multi-antimicrobial resistant shiga toxin and enterotoxin producing Escherichia coli.

-Antimicrobial activity of five herbal extracts against multi drug resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria and fungus of clinical origin.

-Evaluation of the activity of 16 medicinal plants against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

-Self-purificatory Ganga water facilitates death of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7.

-Activity of antibiotics against Fusarium and Aspergillus.

-Animal models of tuberculosis for vaccine development.

-Molecular epidemiological characteristics of Shigella spp. isolated from river Narmada during 2005-2006.

-Identification of Pasteurella multocida isolates of ruminant origin using polymerase chain reaction and their antibiogram study.

-Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of antimicrobial resistance in faecal bacteria from 30 Giant pandas.
-Isolation, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes of Pasteurella multocida strains from swine in China.
-High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
-Identification and characterization of Class 1 integron resistance gene cassettes among Salmonella strains isolated from imported seafood.
-Emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from chickens in China.
-Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among serotypes of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from cattle and poultry in Japan.
-Bactericidal activity of medicinal plants, employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments, against Helicobacter pylori.
-Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR.
-Outbreaks of Shigella sonnei infections in Denmark and Australia linked to consumption of imported raw baby corn.